INGLÊS – Texto com exercício surpresa

PROF. ROBERTO WITTE!
Bom dia, boa tarde, boa noite, boa madrugada…não sei a hora que você está me “lendo”, mas o importante é que você está me “lendo”.

THE BRAZILIAN FISCAL STABILIZATION PROGRAM

The first component of the Fiscal Stabilization Program encompasses the approval of constitutional and legal reforms in areas such as social security, labor, public administration and taxes as well as the introduction of a Fiscal Responsibility Act, addressing fundamental fiscal issues at the three levels of government (the Executive branch, Congress and the Judiciary).
The second component is the Plan of Actions for 1999-2000 which fulfills the commitment of President Cardoso to present a medium term fiscal program aimed at stabilizing the debt/GDP ratio. It was formulated with the purpose of guaranteeing stabilization, creating the necessary environment for growth as well as protecting the Real against speculative market pressure. Measures contemplate the reduction of budget expenditures as well as revenue increases. They should create the basis for a reduction of interest rates in a short period of time. Particular attention is attached to the main cause of fiscal desequilibra, namely, the social security deficit at the three levels of government.

1. According to the text, constitutional and legal reforms…

a. could have been included in the Brazilian Fiscal Stabilization Program.
b. have been imposed by the international Monetary Fund.
c. would have to be reformulated by the three branches of the government.
d. have been monitored by public and private servants.
e. have been included in the Brazilian Fiscal Stabilization Program.

2. A Fiscal Responsibility Act was…

a. banned
b. presented
c. removed
d) criticized
e) suspended

3. According to the text…

a. the debt/GDP ratio has been stable over the last decade.
b. the Plan of Action 1999/2001 establishes the dismissal of public employees.
c. reducing the budget expenditures would deepen the fiscal equilibrium.
d. market pressure would contribute to lower the levels of inflation.
e. protecting the Brazilian currency is one of the major concerns.

4. The social security deficit…

a. is seen as a key element in the fiscal imbalance.
b. may cause fiscal desequilibria within the period 1999/2001.
c. will be generating deeper fiscal desequilibria in the future.
d. would have been included in the present program, if necessary.
e. ought to have been addressed in the present program.

5. What elements are intended to be decreased?

a. The GDP and the internal debt.
b. The standard of living and the GDP
c. The local interest rates and the foreign GDP
d. The budget expenditures and the interest rates
e. The social security deficit and the GDP

PROGRAMA DE ESTABILIZAÇÃO FISCAL BRASILEIRO

O primeiro componente do Programa de Estabilização Fiscal abrange a aprovação de reformas legais e constitucionais em áreas tais como seguridade social, trabalho, administração pública e tributos bem como a introdução de uma Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal, abordando assuntos fiscais fundamentais nos três níveis do governo (o braço Executivo, Congresso e o Judiciário). O segundo componente é o Plano de Ações para 1999-2000 que atende o comprometimento do Presidente Cardoso de apresentar um programa fiscal de médio prazo com o objetivo de estabilizar a relação dívida/PIB. Ele foi formulado com o propósito de garantir estabilização, criar o ambiente necessário para o crescimento bem como proteger o Real contra pressões especulativas do mercado. Medidas contemplam a redução dos gastos orçamentários bem como o aumento de receita. Eles deveriam criar a base para a redução de taxas de juros em um período curto de tempo. Atenção especial está atrelada a principal causa dos desequilíbrios fiscais, a saber, o déficit da seguridade social nos três níveis do governo.
Gabarito: 1)E; 2)B; 3)E; 4)A; 5)D

ABAIXO, VOCÊ VAI ENCONTRAR O TEXTO QUE VOCÊ ACABOU DE LER. EM ALGUMAS LACUNAS, VOCÊ TERÁ QUE DECIDIR QUAL DAS PALAVRAS, ENTRE PARÊNTESES, DEVE PREENCHER TAL LACUNA. EM CASO DE DÚVIDA (OU DESESPERO rs rs rs), DÊ UMA OLHADA NO TEXTO ORIGINAL.

The first component of the Fiscal Stabilization Program (encompasses / triggers) _______________ the approval of constitutional and legal reforms in areas (such as / reportedly) ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬-_________________ social security, labor, public administration and (taxes / tariffs) _____________ as well as the introduction of a Fiscal Responsibility Act, (addressing / excluding) ___________ fundamental fiscal (issues / reforms) ____________ at the three (levels / steps) _________ of government (the Executive branch, Congress and the Judiciary).
The second component is the Plan of Actions for 1999-2000 which (fulfills / follows) ______________ the commitment of President Cardoso to present a medium term fiscal program aimed at (stabilizing / stabilize) _____________ the debt/GDP ratio. It was formulated with the purpose of guaranteeing stabilization, creating the necessary environment for growth (as well as / on order to) ____________ protecting the Real against speculative market pressure. (Measures / forecasts) _____________ contemplate the reduction of budget expenditures as well as revenue increases. They (should / might) ______________ ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬ create the basis for a reduction of (interest rates / exchange rates) ______________ in a short period of time. Particular attention is attached to the main cause of fiscal desequilibra, namely, the social security deficit at the three levels of government. (ver texto para verificar suas respostas)

…conte conosco…
…sem nunca perder a noção da realidade.

Prof. Roberto Witte e Profa Ena Smith