Hi!
Hoje trago para vocês mais um pouco daquilo que vocês já devem estar carecas de saber. Mas para entrar em campo é preciso treinar, treinar, treinar.
O texto de hoje é sobre a OMC.
Adinoél Sebastião
[email protected]
[email protected]
Vocabulário de Apoio
WTO = World Trade Organization = Organização Mundial do Comércio = OMC
Spell out = explicar
Properly = corretamente
Undergo = passar por
Scrutiny = exame, escrutínio
Settlment = decisão
Quarrel = disputa
Dispute Settlement Understanding = Entendimento de Decisão de Disputa = Sistema de Solução de Controvérsias
Handle = trabalhar com as mãos, negociar, controlar
Ongoing = avanço
Enhancing = cooperação
Texto
UNDERSTANDING THE WTO
What we do
The WTO is run by its member governments. All major decisions are made by the membership as a whole, either by ministers (who usually meet at least once every two years) or by their ambassadors or delegates (who meet regularly in Geneva).
While the WTO is driven by its member states, it could not function without its Secretariat to coordinate the activities. The Secretariat employs over 600 staff, and its experts — lawyers, economists, statisticians and communications experts — assist WTO members on a daily basis to ensure, among other things, that negotiations progress smoothly, and that the rules of international trade are correctly applied and enforced.
Trade negotiations
The WTO agreements cover goods, services and intellectual property. They spell out the principles of liberalization, and the permitted exceptions. They include individual countries’ commitments to lower customs tariffs and other trade barriers, and to open and keep open services markets. They set procedures for settling disputes. These agreements are not static; they are renegotiated from time to time and new agreements can be added to the package. Many are now being negotiated under the Doha Development Agenda, launched by WTO trade ministers in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001.
Implementation and monitoring
WTO agreements require governments to make their trade policies transparent by notifying the WTO about laws in force and measures adopted. Various WTO councils and committees seek to ensure that these requirements are being followed and that WTO agreements are being properly implemented. All WTO members must undergo periodic scrutiny of their trade policies and practices, each review containing reports by the country concerned and the WTO Secretariat.
Dispute settlement
The WTO’s procedure for resolving trade quarrels under the Dispute Settlement Understanding is vital for enforcing the rules and therefore for ensuring that trade flows smoothly. Countries bring disputes to the WTO if they think their rights under the agreements are being infringed. Judgements by specially appointed independent experts are based on interpretations of the agreements and individual countries’ commitments.
Building trade capacity
WTO agreements contain special provision for developing countries, including longer time periods to implement agreements and commitments, measures to increase their trading opportunities, and support to help them build their trade capacity, to handle disputes and to implement technical standards. The WTO organizes hundreds of technical cooperation missions to developing countries annually. It also holds numerous courses each year in Geneva for government officials. Aid for Trade aims to help developing countries develop the skills and infrastructure needed to expand their trade.
Outreach
The WTO maintains regular dialogue with non-governmental organizations, parliamentarians, other international organizations, the media and the general public on various aspects of the WTO and the ongoing Doha negotiations, with the aim of enhancing cooperation and increasing awareness of WTO activities.
Fonte: www.wto.org
Tradução Livre
UNDERSTANDING THE WTO
Entendendo a OMC
What we do
O que nós fazemos
The WTO is run by its member governments. All major decisions are made by the membership as a whole, either by ministers (who usually meet at least once every two years) or by their ambassadors or delegates (who meet regularly in Geneva).
A OMC é dirigida pelos governos de seus membros. Todas as decisões importantes são feiras pelos membros como um todo, ou pelos ministros (que usualmente se encontram pelo menos uma vez a cada dois anos) ou por seus embaixadores ou delegados (que se encontram regularmente em Genebra).
While the WTO is driven by its member states, it could not function without its Secretariat to coordinate the activities. The Secretariat employs over 600 staff, and its experts — lawyers, economists, statisticians and communications experts — assist WTO members on a daily basis to ensure, among other things, that negotiations progress smoothly, and that the rules of international trade are correctly applied and enforced.
Embora a OMC seja dirigida pelos seus estados membros, ela não poderia funcionar sem sua Secretaria para coordenar as atividades. A Secretaria emprega mais de 600 funcionários, e seus expertos – advogados, economistas, estatísticos e expertos em comunicações – auxiliam os membros da OMC sobre o dia a dia para assegurar, entre outras coisas, que as negociações avancem suavemente, e que as regras do comércio internacional sejam corretamente aplicadas e cumpridas.
Trade negotiations
Negociações Comerciais
The WTO agreements cover goods, services and intellectual property. They spell out the principles of liberalization, and the permitted exceptions. They include individual countries’ commitments to lower customs tariffs and other trade barriers, and to open and keep open services markets. They set procedures for settling disputes. These agreements are not static; they are renegotiated from time to time and new agreements can be added to the package. Many are now being negotiated under the Doha Development Agenda, launched by WTO trade ministers in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001.
Os acordos da OMC cobrem bens, serviços e propriedade intelectual. Eles explicam os princípios de liberalização, e as exceções permitidas. Eles incluem compromissos individuais dos países para baixar as tarifas aduaneiras e outras barreiras comerciais, e abrem e mantêm abertos os mercados de serviços. Eles colocam procedimentos para solução de controvérsias. Esses acordos não são estáticos; eles são renegociados de tempos em tempos e novos acordos podem ser acrescentados ao conjunto. Muitos estão agora sendo negociados debaixo da Agenda Doha de Desenvolvimento, lançada pelos ministros de negócios da OMC em Doha, Qatar, em novembro de 2001.
Implementation and monitoring
Implementação e monitoramento
WTO agreements require governments to make their trade policies transparent by notifying the WTO about laws in force and measures adopted. Various WTO councils and committees seek to ensure that these requirements are being followed and that WTO agreements are being properly implemented. All WTO members must undergo periodic scrutiny of their trade policies and practices, each review containing reports by the country concerned and the WTO Secretariat.
Os acordos da OMC requerem que os governos façam suas políticas comercias transparentes pela notificação para a OMC sobre as leis e sobre as medidas adotadas. Vários conselhos e comitês da OMC procuram assegurar que esses requerimentos sejam seguidos e que os acordos da OMC sejam corretamente executados. Todos os membros da OMC devem passar por um exame periódico de suas políticas e práticas comerciais, cada revisão contém relatórios do país interessado e da Secretaria da OMC.
Dispute settlement
Decisão de disputa
The WTO’s procedure for resolving trade quarrels under the Dispute Settlement Understanding is vital for enforcing the rules and therefore for ensuring that trade flows smoothly. Countries bring disputes to the WTO if they think their rights under the agreements are being infringed. Judgements by specially appointed independent experts are based on interpretations of the agreements and individual countries’ commitments.
Os procedimentos da OMC para resolver disputas comerciais debaixo do Sistema de Solução de Controvérsias são vitais para o cumprimento das regras e para assegurar que o comércio flua suavemente. Os países entregam as disputas para o MC quando eles pensam que seus direitos debaixo dos acordos estão sendo infringidos. Julgamentos feitos por expertos independentes especialmente nomeados (para esse fim) são baseados em interpretações dos acordos e compromissos individuais dos países.
Building trade capacity
Construindo capacidade de comércio
WTO agreements contain special provision for developing countries, including longer time periods to implement agreements and commitments, measures to increase their trading opportunities, and support to help them build their trade capacity, to handle disputes and to implement technical standards. The WTO organizes hundreds of technical cooperation missions to developing countries annually. It also holds numerous courses each year in Geneva for government officials. Aid for Trade aims to help developing countries develop the skills and infrastructure needed to expand their trade.
Os acordos da OMC contêm especial provisão para os países em desenvolvimento, incluindo prazos mais longos para implementar acordos e compromissos, medidas para aumento de suas oportunidades comerciais, e suporte para os ajudar a construir sua capacidade de comércio, para negociar disputas e para implementar padrões técnicos. A OMC organiza centenas de missões de cooperação técnicas nos países em desenvolvimento anualmente. Ela também mantém numerosos cursos a cada ano em Genebra para funcionários de governo. A ajuda para o comércio almeja ajudar os países em desenvolvimento a desenvolver as habilidades e infraestrutura necessária para expandir seu comércio.
Outreach
Passar do limite
The WTO maintains regular dialogue with non-governmental organizations, parliamentarians, other international organizations, the media and the general public on various aspects of the WTO and the ongoing Doha negotiations, with the aim of enhancing cooperation and increasing awareness of WTO activities.
A OMC mantém diálogo regular com organizações não governamentais, parlamentos, outras organizações internacionais, a imprensa e o público em geral sobre vários aspectos da OMC e o avanço das negociações Doha, com o objetivo de aumentar a cooperação e aumentar a qualidade das atividades da OMC.